ASPIRIN: the best NSAID
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Aspirin reduces cancer Metastasis, survival up 67%

ASPIRIN DAILY FOR THOSE DIAGONSED WITH BREAST CANCER, DEATH WAS REDUCED BY 43%

Given that the risk of cancer is significantly reduced with a daily 325 mg (colorectal 50%, pancreatic 53%, lung 33%, breast 20%, and prostate cancer) one would expect that aspirin would as it does with breast cancer improve survival percentage.  Mechanism is through apoptosis, the promotion of the death of abnormal cells. To check out journal articles go to http://healthfully.org/aspirin/.  Other tissues also benefit:  men and women who regularly took aspirin after colorectal cancer diagnosis had lower risk of overall and colorectal cancer death compared to patients not using aspirin.[75][76] (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aspirin#cite_note-75) 

    

Journal of Clinical Oncology,   http://jco.ascopubs.org/content/28/9/1467.abstract Accepted 12/9/09

Aspirin Intake and Survival After Breast Cancer

  1. Michelle D. Holmes, Wendy Y. Chen, Lisa Li, Ellen Hertzmark, Donna Spiegelman and
  2. Susan E. Hankinson

Abstract

Purpose Animal and in vitro studies suggest that aspirin may inhibit breast cancer metastasis. We studied whether aspirin use among women with breast cancer decreased their risk of death from breast cancer.

Methods This was a prospective observational study based on responses from 4,164 female registered nurses in the Nurses' Health Study who were diagnosed with stages I, II, or III breast cancer between 1976 and 2002 and were observed until death or June 2006, whichever came first. The main outcome was breast cancer mortality risk according to number of days per week of aspirin use (0, 1, 2 to 5, or 6 to 7 days) first assessed at least 12 months after diagnosis and updated.

Results There were 341 breast cancer deaths. Aspirin use was associated with a decreased risk of breast cancer death. The adjusted relative risks (RRs) for 1, 2 to 5, and 6 to 7 days of aspirin use per week compared with no use were 1.07 (95% CI, 0.70 to 1.63), 0.29 (95% CI, 0.16 to 0.52), and 0.36 (95% CI, 0.24 to 0.54), respectively (test for linear trend, P < .001). This association did not differ appreciably by stage, menopausal status, body mass index, or estrogen receptor status. Results were similar for distant recurrence. The adjusted RRs were 0.91 (95% CI, 0.62 to 1.33), 0.40 (95% CI, 0.24 to 0.65), and 0.57 (95% CI, 0.39 to 0.82; test for trend, P = .03) for 1, 2 to 5, and 6 to 7 days of aspirin use, respectively.

Conclusion Among women living at least 1 year after a breast cancer diagnosis, aspirin use was associated with a decreased risk of distant recurrence and breast cancer death.

Footnotes

·        Supported by National Institutes of Health Grant No. CA87969.


NOTE:  increased survival of 71%  (29 – 100 = 71%) for 2-5 days per week; and for 6-7 days per week of 64% (100-36 = 64%).  The 1.07 are for those who take an average of 1 per week.  Thus compared to the 4,164 recorded breast cancers, those who took no aspirin or 1 aspirin/week had worse than average results of the general population which included both aspirin takes and non-users.  Thus averaging the 2 groups of aspirin users, the survival rate is 67.5% higher.   During the period when the study started the higher dose 325 mg and 500 mg were on the market, the lower dose 82 mgs, wasn’t widely used until the statins became a market force--jk.  





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Aspirin lowered risk while “nonaspirin NSAID use was not associated with cancer incidence or mortality, coronary heart disease mortality, or all-cause mortality”.  That there was only a 12% reduction is because they have selected those using the low-dose (under 100 mg) aspirin, and it was short term.   

 

Association of Aspirin and Nonaspirin Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs With Cancer Incidence and Mortality

+ Author Affiliations

  1. Affiliations of authors: Departments of Internal Medicine (AB, JOE, PJL) and Health Sciences Research (RAV, AHW, JEO, CMV, JRC), Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN; Department of Epidemiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (KA, CMV)
  1. Correspondence to:
    Jon O. Ebbert, MD, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 (e-mail: ebbert.jon@mayo.edu).
  • Received November 28, 2006.
  • Revision received March 2, 2007.
  • Accepted April 20, 2007.

Abstract

Background The cancer chemopreventive benefits of aspirin and nonaspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are incompletely defined and may vary by smoking history. We evaluated associations between aspirin and nonaspirin NSAID use with cancer incidence and mortality stratified by smoking history in the Iowa Women's Health Study, a prospective cohort of postmenopausal women.

Methods Aspirin and nonaspirin NSAID use was self-reported by questionnaire in 1992. Cancer incidence and mortality were ascertained by annual linkage to the Iowa Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Cancer Registry and death certificates. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate multivariable relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). All statistical tests were two-sided.

Results During an average of 10 years of follow-up, 3487 incident cancer cases and 3581 deaths were observed in the cohort of 22507 women. Compared with nonuse, aspirin use was inversely associated with total cancer incidence (multivariable-adjusted RR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.77 to 0.90), with age-adjusted incidence rates of 147 and 170 per 10000 person-years for ever and never users, respectively, and was inversely associated with cancer mortality (multivariable-adjusted RR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.76 to 0.99), with age-adjusted rates of 47 and 52 per 10000 person-years. The inverse relationship was stronger among former and never smokers than current smokers, although not statistically significantly (P = .28). Aspirin use was also inversely associated with coronary heart disease mortality (multivariable-adjusted RR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.64 to 0.89), with age-adjusted rates of 23 and 30 per 10000 person-years for ever and never users, respectively, and with all-cause mortality (multivariable-adjusted RR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.76 to 0.89), with age-adjusted rates of 126 and 155 per 10000 person-years. Nonaspirin NSAID use was not associated with cancer incidence or mortality, coronary heart disease mortality, or all-cause mortality.

Conclusions Aspirin use, but not nonaspirin NSAID use, was associated with lower risks of cancer incidence and mortality, which was more pronounced among former and never smokers than current smokers.

  • © The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press.

 

The population studies use the endpoint cause of death, and thus assume that aspirin has no effect upon the course of  treatment or the progression to metastasis ; however, which it does.  Only a couple of studies address this difference 

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